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abstract:preface As an essential furniture in daily life, cabinet is very concerned and sensitive by customers For the fine decoration project of real estate enterprises, cabinets are also one of the contents that must be done. How to achieve both quality and cost control is a problem that all real estate enterprises are discussing in terms of design and cost Today, take kitchen cabinets as an example to tell you about the selection of cabinets and cost control (brands such as sink and faucet and prices vary greatly. This paper will not analyze them, but will introduce them separately)
Outline
01. Brand introduction of cabinet
02. Cabinet composition and cost analysis
01
Brand introduction of cabinet
There are many brands of ambry manufacturers in the market, including international brands and domestic brands
Domestic brands (ranking in order to avoid misleading):
1. European cabinet oppein: founded in 1994, it is one of the top ten Chinese cabinet brands and a famous brand in the cabinet industry
2. Gold cabinet goldenhome: middle and high-end market brand
3. Haier cabinet Haier: Chinese famous brand, famous cabinet brand, top ten cabinet brands and leading brand in cabinet industry
4. Dongfang Bangtai bigtime: top ten cabinet brands, leading brand of Chinese green kitchen and famous cabinet brand
5. Zhibang kitchen cabinet zbom: founded in 1998, it is one of the top ten cabinet brands in China and a large-scale manufacturing enterprise focusing on the R & D, production and sales of customized home furnishings in the whole house
6. SHUAIKANG Sacon: Asia's top 500, China's top ten overall cabinet brands and China's top ten customized cabinet brands
7. Boloni: China's top ten kitchen cabinet brands, China's famous brands and top ten cabinet brands
8. cherry blossom Sakura: founded in 1978 in Taiwan, China, the ten largest kitchen cabinet brand in China, Jiangsu famous trademark.
9. Wanxi: founded in 2001, it is one of the top ten cabinet brands in China and a famous brand of kitchen cabinet
10. Ouyi: famous customized cabinet brand, China's top ten kitchen cabinet brands and national consumer satisfaction brand
International brands:
Nolte [Germany]: Nolte group is an important kitchen cabinet group in Europe and the second largest giant in Germany. They produce traditional style kitchen cabinets without losing its simple modernity
Mobalpa [France]: it was founded by Eugene Fournier bidoz. The cabinets designed by mobalpa are mostly replaced by simplicity and warmth
Sch ü ller [Germany]: a German brand whose design of kitchen cabinets is simple but not simple. The nx950 series of next 125 won the red dot design award in 2016
Bauformat [Germany]: boffman strives for perfection in the manufacture of kitchenware. The simple and neat line design of the cabinet pays attention to a light feeling
Snaidero [Italy]: wonderful details are included in the design, which makes the space and objects more interesting
02
Cabinet composition and cost analysis
Kitchen cabinets are usually divided into floor cabinets and hanging cabinets according to their parts. Although their positions are different, their components are basically the same
Then split the cabinet, which is composed of cabinet body, table top, hardware accessories and functional accessories
The cost distribution is shown in the figure below:
Now let's take each component Department apart and analyze it in detail
1. Cabinet
The cabinet body can be divided into several parts, such as cabinet body plate, door plate & sealing plate, back plate, sink bottom plate, etc. the cost proportion of each part is shown in the figure below
Note: the proportion of door plate & sealing plate will vary due to different surface decoration
1.1 cabinet board
The cabinet board is the skeleton of the whole cabinet, which directly affects the quality, service life and environmental protection of the cabinet, so we need to be extra cautious in the selection
There are several specifications of boards that can be used as cabinet boards, with thicknesses ranging from 36mm, 25mm, 18mm and 15mm. Generally, 36mm and 25mm are rarely used (usually used for bookshelf partition and Book desktop). 18mm ~ 15mm thick boards are commonly used for cabinets
Generally, the cost of plates of the same material 18mm thick will be about 7% higher than that of 16mm thick
The materials of plates are also different. There are many kinds of common plates, such as particleboard, ecological board, multilayer board, European pine board, finger joint board, etc. (brick or metal materials are not discussed here)
① Particleboard
Particleboard, also known as particle board, is a kind of man-made board made by cutting various branches and buds, small-diameter wood, fast-growing wood and sawdust into fragments of a certain specification, drying, mixing with rubber, hardener and waterproof agent, and pressing them under a certain temperature and pressure. The particles are arranged unevenly. (Note: another kind is solid wood particle board, which is not the same as particleboard. The processing technology of solid wood particle board is similar to particleboard, but its quality is much higher than particleboard)
Particleboard has good sound absorption and sound insulation performance; The interior is granular with cross and staggered structure, the performance of each part is basically the same, and the transverse bearing capacity is relatively poor; The surface of particleboard is flat, and various veneers can be carried out; In the production process of particleboard, the amount of glue used is small and the environmental protection coefficient is relatively high
However, the particle board has a granular structure, which is not easy to mill; It is easy to cause tooth burst during plate cutting, so some processes have high requirements for processing equipment; Not suitable for on-site production; At the same time, due to the use of rubber, hardener and other materials in the production process of particleboard, there is a certain pollution
Particleboard has high cost performance and is one of the boards with the highest utilization rate of cabinets in hardbound engineering. The main factors affecting the price of particleboard are thickness and grade
The price of 15mm thick E1 particleboard is about 80 yuan / m2
② Ecological board
Eco board is also a kind of man-made board, similar to particle board, but more environmentally friendly than particle board. The only defect is that the filling direction of the wood strip is consistent, which will lead to slightly poor firmness in the opposite direction. The cabinet body is enough
There are many other names for ecological board in the industry. The common names are paint free board and melamine board.
③ Multilayer board
It is also man-made board. Like ecological board, environmental protection is better than granular board. Compared with the ecological board, it is solid in any direction, but the cost is high, so the cabinets are less used in the project
Multilayer solid wood board is made of three or more layers of veneer or thin plate glued by hot pressing. Plywood is generally divided into six specifications: 3cm board, 5cm board, 9cm board, 12cm board, 15cm board and 18cm board (1mm for 1cm). The environmental protection grade reaches E1, which is the most commonly used material for handmade furniture
④ Orson plate
Also known as OSB board, it is also pressed. Because of its color and pattern, it is rarely used on the cabinet. It is generally used only for products with more personality
The raw materials of European pine board are mainly soft needle, small-diameter wood of broad-leaved trees, fast-growing thinning wood, such as eucalyptus, Cunninghamia lanceolata, poplar thinning wood, etc. they come from a wide range of sources and can be made into large panel (such as 8) × 32 feet or 12 × 24 feet). The manufacturing process is mainly drying, sizing, directional paving and hot pressing of planers with certain geometry (usually 50mm-80mm long, 5mm-20mm wide and 0.45mm-0.6mm thick)
⑤ Finger plate
the finger joint board is made of solid wood, like the rubber wood finger joint board used for ordinary wardrobe and cabinet, which is far better than all wood-based boards and has good environmental protection performance, but its cost is higher than other wood-based boards
The finger joint board is formed by splicing multiple boards, and the upper and lower splints are no longer stuck. Because the vertical boards adopt sawtooth interfaces, which is similar to the cross docking of two hands and fingers, the strength and appearance quality of the wood are enhanced and improved, so it is called finger joint board
1.2 door plate & sealing plate
Let's talk about the lower sealing plate first. The sealing plate can be simply understood as the plate surrounding the facade when the area of the cabinet door leaf is less than the cabinet facade area. Because it is on the same plane with the door plate, the material, practice and decoration are the same. Therefore, we put the door plate and the sealing plate together for analysis
Common door panel materials on the market include double decorative panel, blister board and paint baking board
Double trim panel
The double decorative panel (also known as trimeric hydrogen ammonia) is made of particleboard as the base material and trimeric hydrogen ammonia veneer on both sides (trimeric hydrogen ammonia veneer is a very wear-resistant material), which is hot pressed by the plate manufacturer at one time, and the material performance is stable.
Blister board
Blister board is a PVC film pressing process. The PVC film surface material is pressed on the substrate surface at one time under high temperature and high pressure by vacuum blister machine
Paint baking board
Medium density board is used as the base material, paint is sprayed on the cabinet surface and baked at high temperature (through priming, drying, polishing and high temperature baking). The surface needs to be polished 6-9 times, and the more times of polishing, the higher the cost
How to choose the three door panel materials?
① Cost comparison
Cost comparison of the same brand and grade
Paint baking board > blister board > double decorative panel
The price difference between paint baking board and blister board is about 50 yuan / m2
The price difference between blister board and double decorative panel is about 100 yuan / m2
② Appearance comparison
Double decorative panel: its cabinet has many kinds of colors, and the pattern technology of lamination is simple. The cabinet is mainly concise, without too much modeling, which is more suitable for people who like simplicity but not complexity
Blister board: it feels good, and has a rich choice of colors and textures, which can create a variety of three-dimensional shapes
Paint baking board: bright colors, many choices, customized colors and more beautiful appearance
③ Durability comparison
Double decorative panel: wear resistant; It can reduce the scratch caused by collision; High temperature resistance, able to withstand the high temperature produced by kitchen cooking; Corrosion resistant, can resist the erosion of kitchen detergent and stains; Combining various advantages, the double decorative panel is more durable
Blister board: after Blister molding, the blister board can seal the four sides of the door panel into a whole, which solves the problem of edge sealing and glue opening of some cabinets. It has obvious advantages of scratch resistance, wear resistance, heat resistance, moisture resistance, no cracking and deformation, and simple daily maintenance
Paint baking board: Although the paint baking board cabinet is made at high temperature, it is in a humid high-temperature environment, so it is easy to decolorize and deform, and is not resistant to scraping and is afraid of bumping. Moreover, it takes a long time to build a paint baking board cabinet, and the process level is required to be high
The durability of double decorative panel and blister board is the same, and the durability of paint baking board is the worst
1.3 backplane
The back plate is the plate near the wall of the cabinet. It can be seen only when the cabinet is opened. Although it is not displayed normally, it should also ensure the environmental protection and durability of the back plate. Because the back plate is not displayed normally, the selection of back plate materials must be economical and durable
The commonly used back plate material is double faced medium density board. When selecting the thickness, try to choose 3mm thick plate. Generally, 3mm thick plate is 15 yuan / m2 cheaper than 5mm thick plate
2. Table top
The countertop of the cabinet is the daily operation platform and goods storage platform, which has high requirements for durability and beauty, and the cost of the countertop accounts for a large proportion in the whole cabinet. It should be considered repeatedly in the selection of countertop materials
Cabinet countertop materials include natural stone countertop, artificial stone countertop, quartz stone countertop, stainless steel countertop, etc. quartz stone countertop is the mainstream countertop material in the market. It has the characteristics of wear resistance, no fear of scratching, good heat resistance, seamless splicing and durability. It is also the most commonly used material for cabinet countertop in hardbound repair. The thickness of quartz stone countertop should not be less than 1.5cm, Otherwise, it is easy to fracture, and the cost should not exceed 2cm in order to control the cost
The price of quartz stone table top varies greatly, from 800 to 2000 linear meters. The pattern will also affect the cost of quartz stone table top, of which the cheapest is white. The price of pattern quartz stone table top is about 150 yuan / m2 higher than that of white quartz stone table top
3. Hardware accessories
A cabinet uses a lot of hardware accessories. If the plate supports the appearance of furniture, then the hardware is the soul of the cabinet. The service life of the cabinet under the condition of normal use depends largely on the quality of hardware
The commonly used brands of hardware accessories include Hettich of Germany, Blum of Austria, kesseb ö hmer of Germany, and domestic Hugo, LecA, DTC, etc
3.1 door hinge (including damping)
The door hinge is the hinge connecting the door leaf and the cabinet, commonly known as the "hinge". Because it has to bear more than ten or twenty opening and closing times a day and the weight of the door panel, the hinge can be said to be the hardware with the heaviest mission.
The door hinge is mostly made of cold rolled steel. It is formed by stamping at one time, with smooth surface, thick coating, not easy to rust, strong and durable, and strong load-bearing capacity.
For the hanging cabinet door of the cabinet, the opening and closing angle of the hinge is required to be greater than 90 degrees. For the design of medium and high-grade hinges, the opening and closing angle can exceed 180 degrees
In order to prevent impact and shock absorption, the hinge will be equipped with a damper. Damping hinge, also known as hydraulic hinge, uses the cushioning performance of liquid to adapt to the closing speed of the door, that is, you use great strength to swing and close the cabinet door, but at about 45 degrees, the impact force of the door will automatically weaken, the closing speed will gradually slow down, and finally achieve the silent closing effect.
Note: only one damping is required for a door, which does not need to be installed up and down
The single price of door hinge is not expensive. The price of each door hinge of domestic brand including damping is about 10 yuan
3.2 drawer guide rail
The main used for cupboards are bottom rail and horse riding.
The bottom rail, also known as invisible rail, can't be seen outside. It's beautiful and is the most commonly used rail
The structure of horse riding is like that of people riding. In fact, it belongs to a kind of bottom rail; The horse riding pump is directly installed under the drawer. The biggest advantage is that it is convenient to install and remove. Each part is connected with a buckle. Press the corresponding buckle during disassembly
Riding is more smooth and stable than the general bottom rail, with better load-bearing capacity, mute effect and damping buffer. But the price is much higher than the bottom rail
The price of domestic brand bottom rail is generally about 40 yuan / piece
3.3 flap door air support
The door of the hanging cabinet is generally divided into swing door and upturned door. The key hardware of upturned door is air support, which is divided into ordinary air support and "stop at will".
The common air support is to turn the door up and open it completely, but sometimes the door can not be reached and closed due to all opening. Therefore, in order to facilitate use, most of the current cabinets choose to "stop at will". The door can be stopped at the corresponding height without turning to a very high position
3.4 handle
There are three types of handle: external, embedded and hidden.
Plug in type is the most common and commonly used form of handle. Its biggest feature is easy to use. However, because it is exposed and easy to bump, especially when there are children at home, embedded and hidden handles will also be used
out-cell
embedded
Hidden
Taking the concealed handle as an example, the concealed handle of domestic primary color aluminum alloy is generally about 20 yuan / m
4. Installation cost
When reviewing the bidding list or price, we should also focus on the installation cost of cabinets. The installation cost of cabinets is generally calculated according to the extension meter of the cabinet level, and the price is about 55 yuan / meter
03
Summary
Cabinet is the furniture that we need to use every day in our daily life, and it is also the content that must be done in the fine decoration delivery project
As the work content with high customer sensitivity, it is necessary to reasonably select the cabinet scheme in combination with the project positioning
It needs to be comprehensively considered from many aspects, such as cabinet material type, cabinet plate thickness, door panel finish selection, backplane material selection and thickness, table material, table pattern, table thickness, hardware brand, etc